2134/11988171.v1 Salvatore Carlucci Salvatore Carlucci Marilena De Simone Marilena De Simone Steven Firth Steven Firth Mikkel B Kjærgaard Mikkel B Kjærgaard Romana Markovic Romana Markovic Mohammad Saiedur Rahaman Mohammad Saiedur Rahaman Masab Khalid Annaqeeb Masab Khalid Annaqeeb Silvia Biandrate Silvia Biandrate Anooshmita Das Anooshmita Das Jakub Wladyslaw Dziedzic Jakub Wladyslaw Dziedzic Gianmarco Fajilla Gianmarco Fajilla Matteo Favero Matteo Favero Martina Ferrando Martina Ferrando Jakob Hahn Jakob Hahn Mengjie Han Mengjie Han Yuzhen Peng Yuzhen Peng Flora Salim Flora Salim Arno Schlüter Arno Schlüter Christoph van Treeck Christoph van Treeck Modeling occupant behavior in buildings Loughborough University 2020 Occupant behavior Data-driven methods Deep learning Machine learning Stochastic methods PRISMA 2020-03-16 15:00:05 Journal contribution https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/journal_contribution/Modeling_occupant_behavior_in_buildings/11988171 In the last four decades several methods have been used to model occupants' presence and actions (OPA) in buildings according to different purposes, available computational power, and technical solutions. This study reviews approaches, methods and key findings related to OPA modeling in buildings. An extensive database of related research documents is systematically constructed, and, using bibliometric analysis techniques, the scientific production and landscape are described. The initial literature screening identified more than 750 studies, out of which 278 publications were selected. They provide an overarching view of the development of OPA modeling methods. The research field has evolved from longitudinal collaborative efforts since the late 1970s and, so far, covers diverse building typologies mostly concentrated in a few climate zones. The modeling approaches in the selected literature are grouped into three categories (rule-based models, stochastic OPA modeling, and data-driven methods) for modeling occupancy-related target functions and a set of occupants’ actions (window, solar shading, electric lighting, thermostat adjustment, clothing adjustment and appliance use). The explanatory modeling is conventionally based on the model-based paradigm where occupant behavior is assumed to be stochastic, while the data-driven paradigm has found wide applications for the predictive modeling of OPA, applicable to control systems. The lack of established standard evaluation protocols was identified as a scientifically important yet rarely addressed research question. In addition, machine learning and deep learning are emerging in recent years as promising methods to address OPA modeling in real-world applications.