2134/14756
Georgios Mavros
Georgios
Mavros
Homer Rahnejat
Homer
Rahnejat
Paul King
Paul
King
Investigation of steady-state tyre force and moment generation under combined longitudinal and lateral slip conditions
Loughborough University
2014
untagged
Engineering not elsewhere classified
2014-06-05 10:18:15
Journal contribution
https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/journal_contribution/Investigation_of_steady-state_tyre_force_and_moment_generation_under_combined_longitudinal_and_lateral_slip_conditions/9220997
The paper provides an insight into the contact mechanical behaviour of pneumatic tyres in a wide range of
steady-state operating conditions. Tyre forces and self-aligning moment generation during steady-state
manoeuvres are studied in some depth. For this purpose, two different versions of a dynamic model of a tyre
are developed. The simplest version consists of a one-dimensional series of bristles distributed on the tyre
periphery. The bristles incorporate anisotropic stiffness and damping in the lateral and longitudinal
directions, while the distributed tread mass is also taken into account. The vertical pressure distribution
along the contact patch is assumed to be parabolic and the length of the contact area is assumed to be known
apriori. The friction forces developed on the contact patch follow a stick-slip friction law.
The second version of the tyre model improves the potential of the simple model by introducing radial
and tangential stiffness and damping, as well as a Kelvin element for rubber behaviour in the simulation of
the impact on the leading edge of the contact area. The Kelvin model closely conforms to the semi-infinite
incompressible nature of rubber. The tyre models show effective reproduction of measured longitudinal and
lateral forces, as well as the self-aligning moment, under pure side-slip, pure longitudinal slip and
combined slip situations. The generated curves show qualitative concordance with the results obtained
experimentally, or by semi-empirical models such as the Pacejka’s Magic Formula. In addition, the tyre
models seem to be capable of reproducing the generated contact pressure profiles and the shape of the
observed variations in tyre forces between side-slipping, braking and traction diagrams. An investigation of
these three situations reveals the different mechanisms that result in the different shapes of the diagrams.
Finally, a study is carried out for tyre behaviour at very high speeds, which indicates deviations from the
results of traditional investigations.