Effects of multi-functional additives in rubber processing Maarof b.Z. Abidin 2134/33136 https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/thesis/Effects_of_multi-functional_additives_in_rubber_processing/9230984 Cationic surfactants of general structure [RNH2(CH2)3NH3]2+ 2[R'COO]- can be used in rubber processing as multifunctional additives (MFA) which act as processing aids, accelerators and mould release agents. The effects of MFA on gum rubber, carbon black and silica filled compounds were investigated and attempts have been made to explain the mechanism of their action. This was done by studying mixing, vulcanisation behaviour, rheology, and mould release. The principal MFA used was Akzo-Nobel EN444. [Continues.] 2018-05-24 10:38:48 untagged Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified