Borg, Philip Hewitt, Dave Gaining meaning for expressions with Grid Algebra: developing the CAPS framework Through examples from the early stages of a study with Grade 7 low-attaining learners from Malta using Grid Algebra, we argue for the significance of actions, pictures and symbols in learners developing concepts for formal expressions. The interrelationship between these forms the basis of the CAPS (Concept, Action, Picture and Symbol) framework as an analytical tool, which is presented in this paper. untagged 2015-11-04
    https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/conference_contribution/Gaining_meaning_for_expressions_with_Grid_Algebra_developing_the_CAPS_framework/9373547