2134/38361
James L. Dorling
James L.
Dorling
David J. Clayton
David J.
Clayton
Jenny Jones
Jenny
Jones
Wayne Carter
Wayne
Carter
Alice Thackray
Alice
Thackray
James King
James
King
Andrea Pucci
Andrea
Pucci
Rachel L. Batterham
Rachel L.
Batterham
David Stensel
David
Stensel
A randomized crossover trial assessing the effects of acute exercise on appetite, circulating ghrelin concentrations, and butyrylcholinesterase activity in normal-weight males with variants of the obesity-linked FTO rs9939609 polymorphism
Loughborough University
2019
Exercise
Ghrelin
Appetite
FTO gene
Butyrylcholinesterase
Obesity
Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
2019-07-19 08:31:36
Journal contribution
https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/journal_contribution/A_randomized_crossover_trial_assessing_the_effects_of_acute_exercise_on_appetite_circulating_ghrelin_concentrations_and_butyrylcholinesterase_activity_in_normal-weight_males_with_variants_of_the_obesity-linked_FTO_rs9939609_polymorphism/9614363
Background: The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) rs9939609 A-allele is
associated with higher acyl-ghrelin (AG) concentrations, higher energy intake and obesity,
though exercise may mitigate rs9939609 A-allele linked obesity risk. Butyrylcholinesterase
(BChE) hydrolyses AG to des-acyl-ghrelin (DAG), potentially decreasing appetite. However,
the effects of the FTO rs9939609 genotype and exercise on BChE activity, AG, DAG and
energy intake are unknown.
Objective: We hypothesized that individuals homozygous for the obesity-risk A-allele (AAs)
would exhibit higher postprandial AG and energy intake than individuals homozygous for the
low obesity-risk T-allele (TTs), but that exercise would increase BChE activity and diminish
these differences.
Methods: Twelve AA and 12 TT normal weight males completed a control (8 hours rest) and
an exercise (1 hour of exercise at 70% peak oxygen uptake, 7 hours rest) trial in a randomized
cross-over design. A fixed meal was consumed at 1.5 hours and an ad libitum buffet meal at
6.5 hours. Appetite, appetite-related hormones, BChE activity and energy intake were
assessed.
Results: AAs displayed lower baseline BChE activity, higher baseline AG/DAG ratio,
attenuated AG suppression after a fixed meal and higher ad libitum energy intake than TTs
(ES ≥ 0.72, P ≤ 0.049). Exercise increased delta BChE activity in both genotypes (ES = 0.37,
P = 0.004); however, exercise lowered AG and the AG/DAG ratio to a greater extent in AAs
(P ≤ 0.023), offsetting the higher AG ghrelin profile observed in AAs during the control trial
(ES ≥ 1.25, P ≤ 0.048). Exercise did not elevate energy intake in either genotype (P = 0.282).
Conclusions: Exercise increases BChE activity, suppresses AG and the AG/DAG ratio and
corrects the higher AG profile observed in obesity-risk AA individuals. These findings
suggest that exercise or other methods targeting BChE activity may offer a preventative
and/or therapeutic strategy for AA individuals.