2134/32942 Julia Jones Julia Jones Darren J. Player Darren J. Player Neil Martin Neil Martin Andrew Capel Andrew Capel Mark Lewis Mark Lewis Vivek Mudera Vivek Mudera An assessment of myotube morphology, matrix deformation, and myogenic mRNA expression in custom-built and commercially available engineered muscle chamber configurations Loughborough University 2018 Skeletal muscle Tissue engineering C2C12 Myotubes Commercially available muscle chamber Custom-built muscle chamber Physiology Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified 2018-05-14 13:10:43 Journal contribution https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/journal_contribution/An_assessment_of_myotube_morphology_matrix_deformation_and_myogenic_mRNA_expression_in_custom-built_and_commercially_available_engineered_muscle_chamber_configurations/9618881 There are several three-dimensional (3D) skeletal muscle (SkM) tissue engineered models reported in the literature. 3D SkM tissue engineering (TE) aims to recapitulate the structure and function of native (in vivo) tissue, within an in vitro environment. This requires the differentiation of myoblasts into aligned multinucleated myotubes surrounded by a biologically representative extracellular matrix (ECM). In the present work, a new commercially available 3D SkM TE culture chamber manufactured from polyether ether ketone (PEEK) that facilitates suitable development of these myotubes is presented. To assess the outcomes of the myotubes within these constructs, morphological, gene expression, and ECM remodeling parameters were compared against a previously published custom-built model. No significant differences were observed in the morphological and gene expression measures between the newly introduced and the established construct configuration, suggesting biological reproducibility irrespective of manufacturing process. However, TE SkM fabricated using the commercially available PEEK chambers displayed reduced variability in both construct attachment and matrix deformation, likely due to increased reproducibility within the manufacturing process. The mechanical differences between systems may also have contributed to such differences, however, investigation of these variables was beyond the scope of the investigation. Though more expensive than the custom-built models, these PEEK chambers are also suitable for multiple use after autoclaving. As such this would support its use over the previously published handmade culture chamber system, particularly when seeking to develop higher-throughput systems or when experimental cost is not a factor.