Kinetic studies on the two-phase nitration of chlorobenzene and toluene
2018-11-22T16:30:07Z (GMT)
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The rate of nitration of chlorobenzene and toluene by
mixed acid has been studied in a small batch reactor.
The rate of nitration of chlorobenzene was studied in
both homogeneous and two-phase systems. Measurement of the solubility
of chlorobenzene in aqueous sulphuric acid enabled an excellent
correlation to be obtained between the single- and two-phase rate data.
In this way kinetic control of the two-phase reaction rate was
demonstrated.
An identical system was used to study the rate of nitration
of toluene in a chlorobenzene solution. The experimental results
showed that under these conditions, the mass transfer and kinetic rates
were competing for control of the overall reaction rate. A novel
method of plotting the experimental data enabled values of the
volumetric mass transfer coefficient and the homogeneous second order
rate constant to be obtained. [Continues.]