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Microbiological risk assessment and management of shallow groundwater sources in Lichinga, Mozambique
journal contribution
posted on 2013-07-09, 09:12 authored by Sam Godfrey, F. Timo, Michael SmithThe principal water target of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) is to
ensure environmental sustainability by halving the proportion of people without
access to safe water by 2015. Although great strides have been made in
meeting this challenge since the year 2000, the safety of many of these water
supplies remains unknown. Acknowledging the weaknesses of current water
quality and hydrogeological means of assuring microbial safety, this paper has
the objective of developing improved methods for the assessment and management
of microbiological water safety based on a ‘risk’ paradigm. This paper
provides evidence for the risk assessment of both conventional aquifer pathways
and localised (short circuiting) pathways to 25 wells of three well
technology types in Mozambique between 2002 and 2005. Findings from the
research outline improve methods of risk assessment and management by
demonstrating that (1) the predominant source of contamination was from
animal faeces rather than from latrines/septic tanks, (2) short circuiting is a
significant risk to shallow groundwater in developing countries, (3) the use of
alternative indicator organisms (e.g. enterococci) may improve risk understanding
and (4) the World Health Organisation Water Safety Plans are
recommended as an appropriate method of risk management.
History
School
- Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering
Research Unit
- Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC)
Citation
GODFREY, S., TIMO, F. and SMITH, M.D., 2006. Microbiological risk assessment and management of shallow groundwater sources in Lichinga, Mozambique. Water and Environment Journal, 20 (3), pp.194-202.Publisher
Blackwell Publishing (© CIWEM)Version
- NA (Not Applicable or Unknown)
Publication date
2006Notes
This article is closed access.ISSN
1747-6585Publisher version
Language
- en
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