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Resistance exercise stimulates mixed muscle protein synthesis in lean and obese young adults

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posted on 2018-08-14, 11:11 authored by Carl Hulston, Rachel Woods, Rebecca Dewhurst-Trigg, Sion A. Parry, Stephanie Gagnon, Luke Baker, Lewis JamesLewis James, Oonagh MarkeyOonagh Markey, Neil MartinNeil Martin, Richard FergusonRichard Ferguson, Gerrit van Hall
Obese individuals exhibit a diminished muscle protein synthesis response to nutrient stimulation when compared with their lean counterparts. However, the effect of obesity on exercise‐stimulated muscle protein synthesis remains unknown. Nine lean (23.5 ± 0.6 kg/m2) and 8 obese (33.6 ± 1.2 kg/m2) physically active young adults participated in a study that determined muscle protein synthesis and intracellular signaling at rest and following an acute bout of resistance exercise. Mixed muscle protein synthesis was determined by combining stable isotope tracer ([13C6]phenylalanine) infusion with serial biopsies of the vastus lateralis. A unilateral leg resistance exercise model was adopted so that resting and postexercise measurements of muscle protein synthesis could be obtained simultaneously. Obesity was associated with higher basal levels of serum insulin (P < 0.05), plasma triacylglycerol (P < 0.01), plasma cholesterol (P < 0.01), and plasma CRP (P < 0.01), as well as increased insulin resistance determined by HOMA‐IR (P < 0.05). However, resting and postexercise rates of muscle protein synthesis were not significantly different between lean and obese participants (P = 0.644). Furthermore, resistance exercise stimulated muscle protein synthesis (~50% increase) in both groups (P < 0.001), with no difference between lean and obese (P = 0.809). Temporal increases in the phosphorylation of intracellular signaling proteins (AKT/4EBP1/p70S6K) were observed within the exercised leg (P < 0.05), with no differences between lean and obese. These findings suggest a normal anabolic response to muscle loading in obese young adults.

Funding

The research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, which is a partnership between University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Loughborough University, and The University of Leicester, and an Early Career Grant from the Society for Endocrinology (to CJH).

History

School

  • Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences

Published in

Physiological Reports

Volume

6

Issue

14

Pages

e13799 - e13799

Citation

HULSTON, C.J. ... et al, 2018. Resistance exercise stimulates mixed muscle protein synthesis in lean and obese young adults. Physiological Reports, 6 (14), e13799.

Publisher

Wiley on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society © The Authors

Version

  • VoR (Version of Record)

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/

Acceptance date

2018-06-27

Publication date

2018

Notes

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

ISSN

2051-817X

Language

  • en