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Structure-function relationship of heart valves in health and disease
The heart valves allow unidirectional and unobstructed passage of blood without
regurgitation, trauma to blood elements, thromboembolism, and excessive stress concentrations in the leaflet and supporting tissue. In order to achieve this, the heart valves
rely of their unique macroscale anatomy, histoarchitecture and ultrastructural features
that allow them to accommodate repetitive changes in shape and dimension throughout the cardiac cycle. This chapter is focused on the structure-function relationship of
the heart valves, with particular focus on the aortic and mitral valves, discussing how
the biochemical, histoarchitectural and anatomical features influence valvular function
during the cardiac cycle and how valvular function dictates valvular architecture and
ECM constitution. The chapter examines the structure-function relationship of valvular
tissue by correlating its microscale histoarchitecture and biochemical constitution to its
mesoscale biomechanics and macroscale function during the cardiac cycle. Moreover, the
chapter examines the influence of pathological alterations on the histoarchitectural and
biochemical characteristics of the valves on their biomechanical behavior.
Funding
This work was supported by the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the EU 7th Framework Programme FP7/2007–2013/ under the REA Grant Agreement Number 317512, and the German Research Foundation through the Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy; EXC 62). The author is also funded by the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL) BREATH (Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover) (DZL: 82DZL00201), and the German Research Foundation through a Project Grant (348028075).
History
School
- Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering
Published in
Structural Insufficiency Anomalies in Cardiac ValvesPages
1 - 1 (37)Citation
KOROSSIS, S., 2018. Structure-function relationship of heart valves in health and disease. IN: Kırali, K. (ed.) Structural Insufficiency Anomalies in Cardiac Valves. London: IntechOpen, pp 1-37.Publisher
IntechOpenVersion
- VoR (Version of Record)
Publisher statement
This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International (CC BY 3.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0/Publication date
2018Notes
This is an Open Access Book chapter. It is published by IntechOpen under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence (CC BY). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ISBN
9781789237672;9781789237665Publisher version
Language
- en