Discriminative and geometrically robust zero-watermarking scheme for protecting DIBR 3D videos

Copyright protection of depth image-based rendering (DIBR) 3D videos is crucial due to the popularity of these videos. Despite the success of recent watermarking schemes, it is still challenging to ensure the robustness against strong geometric attacks when both lossless quality and distinguishability of protected videos are required. In this paper, we propose a novel zero-watermarking scheme to improve the performance under strong geometric attacks when satisfying the other two requirements. In our scheme, CT-SVD-based features are extracted to ensure both distinguishability and robustness against signal processing and DIBR conversion attacks, while a SIFT-based rectification mechanism is designed to resist geometric attacks. Further, an attention-based fusion strategy is proposed to complement the robustness of rectified and unrectified CT-SVD features. Experimental results demonstrate that our scheme outperforms the existing zerowatermarking schemes in terms of distinguishability and robustness against strong geometric attacks such as rotation, cyclic translation and shearing.