Performance evaluation of sewerage systems: a case of Himachal Pradesh (northern hill state in India)

Effective and efficient sewerage systems are very important for a densely populated country like India. The sewerage systems in India are solely constructed and managed by the Government and Semi Government agencies. In the lack of competition and comparison, the performance of these systems needs to be evaluated independently and regularly. To evaluate the sewerage systems in India, sewerage systems of urban areas of Himachal Pradesh were evaluated. The data for all the towns was analysed. The analysis revealed that actual performance of sewerage systems in the state is less than the design and the expectations of consumers. The policy-makers need to adjust policies and improve the instruments for implementing them.