Seeking evidence of sustained sanitation successes

The purpose of this meta-evaluation was to identify which sanitation approaches in developing countries have been effective and sustained over time, so that Catholic Relief Services (CRS) and other sector actors can position themselves for achieving universal access. Phase I of this study included a literature review, compilation of available evidence, and expert consultation. Many definitions of sanitation and sanitation success exist. It is likely few countries – developed or developing – have achieved successful sanitation if all of the Sustainable Development Goal sanitation-related targets were considered. The following countries for Phase II case studies were selected subjectively in consultation with CRS based on the limited evidence of success and other factors discussed below Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Ethiopia, Lesotho, and Rwanda.