Simplified design methodology for RF dielectric homogeneous and graded index lenses

This paper presents a simplified methodology to design new homogeneous and graded index (GRIN) RF dielectric lenses. The mathematical model is derived from the theory of ray optics to design 2D planar and convex lens design. The performance of these lenses is then verified in simulations with a 15 to 40 GHz WR51 waveguide probe, demonstrating a gain enhancement of approximately 15 dB and a reduced half-power beamwidth by a factor of approximately 7.5 throughout the frequency band.