Urine diverting dry toilets as appropriate adaptation to flood prone areas in cities of developing countries

Living in flood prone areas is a serious challenge for citizen in developing countries, especially in Cameroon. MAFADY Project has been working through identifying best low cost sanitation technologies so as to propose a technology suited to flooded areas of Wouri estuary in Douala. From a defined set of social, financial and technical criteria, analysis of existing sanitation technologies developed in flooded ecosystems was made, and it was found that elevated Urine diverting dry toilets were the one suitable for flood pone areas. A plastic Drum twin pit Urine Diverting Dry Toilet (DUDDT) model was designed and constructed. This paper presents: socio-economic and environmental context of the Wouri estuary, the selected criteria and design parameters, the DUDDT, and finally discuss the construction costs. From analysis, this toilet seems to feet flood prone areas, specifically in urban wetlands of developing countries.