Wastewater management in Indonesia: Lessons learned from a community based sanitation programme

This paper describes wastewater management in Indonesia, particularly Community Based Sanitation Programme or in Indonesian language is well-known as SANIMAS (Sanitasi Berbasis Masyarakat),which is intended for low income people in densely populated neighbourhoods, slums and poor sanitation in urban areas. In its implementation, this programme has to follow some basic principles. For the technology options, this programme adopts some models, for instance: Communal Bath-Wash-Toilet Plus++, Simplified Shallow Sewerage System, Communal Septic Tanks, and Combination System between Communal Bath-Wash-Toilet and Simplified Shallow Sewerage. In order to achieve successful implementation, some stages are needed to be implemented as an inseparable unity. This programme has been implemented in more than 900 locations in 32 provinces in Indonesia and replicated in thousands locations by other funding sources. This programme does not only giving advantages in technical aspects, but also in social economic aspects.