Dorling et al. AJCN_accepted 18-07-2019.pdf (996.55 kB)
Download fileA randomized crossover trial assessing the effects of acute exercise on appetite, circulating ghrelin concentrations, and butyrylcholinesterase activity in normal-weight males with variants of the obesity-linked FTO rs9939609 polymorphism
journal contribution
posted on 2019-07-19, 08:31 authored by James L. Dorling, David J. Clayton, Jenny Jones, Wayne Carter, Alice ThackrayAlice Thackray, James KingJames King, Andrea Pucci, Rachel L. Batterham, David StenselDavid StenselBackground: The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) rs9939609 A-allele is
associated with higher acyl-ghrelin (AG) concentrations, higher energy intake and obesity,
though exercise may mitigate rs9939609 A-allele linked obesity risk. Butyrylcholinesterase
(BChE) hydrolyses AG to des-acyl-ghrelin (DAG), potentially decreasing appetite. However,
the effects of the FTO rs9939609 genotype and exercise on BChE activity, AG, DAG and
energy intake are unknown.
Objective: We hypothesized that individuals homozygous for the obesity-risk A-allele (AAs)
would exhibit higher postprandial AG and energy intake than individuals homozygous for the
low obesity-risk T-allele (TTs), but that exercise would increase BChE activity and diminish
these differences.
Methods: Twelve AA and 12 TT normal weight males completed a control (8 hours rest) and
an exercise (1 hour of exercise at 70% peak oxygen uptake, 7 hours rest) trial in a randomized
cross-over design. A fixed meal was consumed at 1.5 hours and an ad libitum buffet meal at
6.5 hours. Appetite, appetite-related hormones, BChE activity and energy intake were
assessed.
Results: AAs displayed lower baseline BChE activity, higher baseline AG/DAG ratio,
attenuated AG suppression after a fixed meal and higher ad libitum energy intake than TTs
(ES ≥ 0.72, P ≤ 0.049). Exercise increased delta BChE activity in both genotypes (ES = 0.37,
P = 0.004); however, exercise lowered AG and the AG/DAG ratio to a greater extent in AAs
(P ≤ 0.023), offsetting the higher AG ghrelin profile observed in AAs during the control trial
(ES ≥ 1.25, P ≤ 0.048). Exercise did not elevate energy intake in either genotype (P = 0.282).
Conclusions: Exercise increases BChE activity, suppresses AG and the AG/DAG ratio and
corrects the higher AG profile observed in obesity-risk AA individuals. These findings
suggest that exercise or other methods targeting BChE activity may offer a preventative
and/or therapeutic strategy for AA individuals.
Funding
This research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, the Rosetrees Trust, Stoneygate Trust, Robert Luff Foundation and an NIHR Research Professorship to Rachel L Batterham
History
School
- Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences
Published in
The American Journal of Clinical NutritionVolume
110Issue
5Pages
1055 - 1066Citation
DORLING, J.L. ... et al., 2019. A randomized crossover trial assessing the effects of acute exercise on appetite, circulating ghrelin concentrations, and butyrylcholinesterase activity in normal-weight males with variants of the obesity-linked FTO rs9939609 polymorphism. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 110 (5), pp.1055-1066.Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)Version
- AM (Accepted Manuscript)
Rights holder
© American Society for NutritionPublisher statement
This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition following peer review. The version of record James L Dorling, David J Clayton, Jenny Jones, Wayne G Carter, Alice E Thackray, James A King, Andrea Pucci, Rachel L Batterham, David J Stensel, A randomized crossover trial assessing the effects of acute exercise on appetite, circulating ghrelin concentrations, and butyrylcholinesterase activity in normal-weight males with variants of the obesity-linked FTO rs9939609 polymorphism, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 110 (5), pp.1055-1066, is available online at: https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ajcn/nqz188/5554776 and https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz188.Acceptance date
2019-07-18Publication date
2019-08-26Copyright date
2019ISSN
0002-9165eISSN
1938-3207Publisher version
Language
- en