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Assessment of body composition in spinal cord injury: A scoping review

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posted on 2021-04-22, 11:10 authored by Jan Van-Der-Scheer, Julia Totosy de Zepetnek, Cheri Blauwet, Katherine Brooke-WavellKatherine Brooke-Wavell, Terri Graham Paulson, Amber Leonard, Nick Webborn, Vicky Goosey-TolfreyVicky Goosey-Tolfrey
The objective of this scoping review was to map the evidence on measurement properties of body composition tools to assess whole-body and regional fat and fat-free mass in adults with SCI, and to identify research gaps in order to set future research priorities. Electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library were searched up to April 2020. Included studies employed assessments related to whole-body or regional fat and/or fat-free mass and provided data to quantify measurement properties that involved adults with SCI. All searches and data extractions were conducted by two independent reviewers. The scoping review was designed and conducted together with an expert panel (n=8) that represented research, clinical, nutritional and lived SCI experience. The panel collaboratively determined the scope and design of the review and interpreted its findings. Additionally, the expert panel reached out to their professional networks to gain further stakeholder feedback via interactive practitioner surveys and workshops with people with SCI. The research gaps identified by the review, together with discussions among the expert panel including consideration of the survey and workshop feedback, informed the formulation of future research priorities. A total of 42 eligible articles were identified (1,011 males and 143 females). The only tool supported by studies showing both acceptable test-retest reliability and convergent validity was whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The survey/workshop participants considered the measurement burden of DXA acceptable as long as it was reliable, valid and would do no harm (e.g. radiation, skin damage). Practitioners considered cost and accessibility of DXA major barriers in applied settings. The survey/workshop participants expressed a preference towards simple tools if they could be confident in their reliability and validity. This review suggests that future research should prioritize reliability and validity studies on: (1) DXA as a surrogate ‘gold standard’ tool to assess whole-body composition, regional fat and fat-free mass; and (2) skinfold thickness and waist circumference as practical low-cost tools to assess regional fat mass in persons with SCI, and (3) females to explore potential sex differences of body composition assessment tools.

Funding

Loughborough University (Institute of Advanced Studies) and the Peter Harrison Foundation

History

School

  • Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences

Published in

PLoS One

Volume

16

Issue

5

Publisher

Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Version

  • VoR (Version of Record)

Rights holder

© The authors

Publisher statement

This is an Open Access Article. It is published by PLoS under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence (CC BY). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Acceptance date

2021-04-21

Publication date

2021-05-07

Copyright date

2021

ISSN

1932-6203

Language

  • en

Depositor

Prof Vicky Tolfrey. Deposit date: 21 April 2021

Article number

e0251142

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