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Carbon nanoparticle surface functionalisation: converting negatively charged sulfonate to positively charged sulfonamide

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posted on 2014-09-24, 14:37 authored by John D. Watkins, Ruth Lawrence, James E. Taylor, Steven D. Bull, Geoffrey W. Nelson, John S. Foord, Daniel Wolverson, Liza Rassaei, Nick Evans, Silvia Anton Gascon, Frank Marken
The surface functionalities of commercial sulfonate-modified carbon nanoparticles (ca. 9–18 nm diameter, Emperor 2000) have been converted from negatively charged to positively charged via sulfonylchloride formation followed by reaction with amines to give suphonamides. With ethylenediamine, the resulting positively charged carbon nanoparticles exhibit water solubility (in the absence of added electrolyte), a positive zeta-potential, and the ability to assemble into insoluble porous carbon films via layer-by-layer deposition employing alternating positive and negative carbon nanoparticles. Sulfonamide-functionalised carbon nanoparticles are characterised by Raman, AFM, XPS, and voltammetric methods. Stable thin film deposits are formed on 3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrodes and cyclic voltammetry is used to characterise capacitive background currents and the adsorption of the negatively charged redox probe indigo carmine. The Langmuirian binding constant K = 4000 mol−1dm3 is estimated and the number of positively charged binding sites per particle determined as a function of pH.

Funding

J.D.W. and L.R. thank the EPSRC for financial support.

History

School

  • Science

Department

  • Chemistry

Published in

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS

Volume

12

Issue

18

Pages

4872 - 4878 (7)

Citation

WATKINS, J.D. ... et al, 2010. Carbon nanoparticle surface functionalisation: converting negatively charged sulfonate to positively charged sulfonamide. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 12 (18), pp. 4872 - 4878.

Publisher

Royal Society of Chemistry / © Owner Societies

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Publication date

2010

Notes

This article was published in the journal, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics [Royal Society of Chemistry / © Owner Societies ]. The definitive version is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b927434k

ISSN

1463-9076

Language

  • en

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