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Effect of fat-reformulated dairy food consumption on postprandial flow-mediated dilatation and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers compared with conventional dairy: a randomized controlled trial
journal contribution
posted on 2022-01-14, 11:52 authored by Oonagh MarkeyOonagh Markey, Dafni Vasilopoulou, Kirsty Kliem, Colette Fagan, Alistair Grandison, Rachel Sutton, David Humphries, Susan Todd, Kim Jackson, David Ian Givens, Julie LovegroveBackground: Longer-term consumption of saturated fatty acid (SFA)-reduced,
monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-enriched dairy products have been reported to improve
fasting flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). Yet, their impact on endothelial function in the
postprandial state warrants investigation.
Objective: To compare the impact of a fatty acid (FA)-modified with a conventional (control) dairy diet on the postprandial %FMD (primary outcome) and systemic cardiometabolic responses to representative meals, and retrospectively explore whether treatment effects differ by apolipoprotein (APO)E or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Glu298Asp gene polymorphisms.
Methods: In a crossover-design randomized controlled study, 52 adults with moderate cardiovascular disease risk consumed dairy products [38% total energy intake (%TE) from fat: FA-modified (target: 16%TE SFAs; 14%TE MUFAs) or control (19%TE SFAs; 11%TE MUFAs)] for 12-wk, separated by an 8-wk washout. Blood sampling and FMD measurements (0-480 min) were performed pre- and post-intervention after sequential mixed meals that were representative of the assigned dairy diets (0 min; ~50 g fat; 330 min; ~30 g fat).
Results: Relative to pre-intervention (∆), the FA-modified dairy diet and meals (treatment) attenuated the increase in the incremental AUC (iAUC), but not AUC, for the %FMD response observed with the conventional treatment (-135 ± 69 vs +199 ± 82 % x min; P = 0.005). The ∆ iAUC, but not AUC, for the apoB response decreased after FA-modified yet increased after the conventional treatment (-4 ± 3 vs +3 ± 3 mg/mL x min; P = 0.004). The ∆ iAUC decreased for total plasma SFAs (P = 0.003) and trans 18:1 (P < 0.0001) and increased for cis-MUFAs (P < 0.0001) following conventional, relative to the FA-modified treatment. No treatment x APOE- or eNOS-genotype interactions were evident for any outcome.
Conclusions: This study provides novel insights into the longer-term effects of FA-modified dairy food consumption on postprandial cardiometabolic responses. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02089035.
Objective: To compare the impact of a fatty acid (FA)-modified with a conventional (control) dairy diet on the postprandial %FMD (primary outcome) and systemic cardiometabolic responses to representative meals, and retrospectively explore whether treatment effects differ by apolipoprotein (APO)E or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Glu298Asp gene polymorphisms.
Methods: In a crossover-design randomized controlled study, 52 adults with moderate cardiovascular disease risk consumed dairy products [38% total energy intake (%TE) from fat: FA-modified (target: 16%TE SFAs; 14%TE MUFAs) or control (19%TE SFAs; 11%TE MUFAs)] for 12-wk, separated by an 8-wk washout. Blood sampling and FMD measurements (0-480 min) were performed pre- and post-intervention after sequential mixed meals that were representative of the assigned dairy diets (0 min; ~50 g fat; 330 min; ~30 g fat).
Results: Relative to pre-intervention (∆), the FA-modified dairy diet and meals (treatment) attenuated the increase in the incremental AUC (iAUC), but not AUC, for the %FMD response observed with the conventional treatment (-135 ± 69 vs +199 ± 82 % x min; P = 0.005). The ∆ iAUC, but not AUC, for the apoB response decreased after FA-modified yet increased after the conventional treatment (-4 ± 3 vs +3 ± 3 mg/mL x min; P = 0.004). The ∆ iAUC decreased for total plasma SFAs (P = 0.003) and trans 18:1 (P < 0.0001) and increased for cis-MUFAs (P < 0.0001) following conventional, relative to the FA-modified treatment. No treatment x APOE- or eNOS-genotype interactions were evident for any outcome.
Conclusions: This study provides novel insights into the longer-term effects of FA-modified dairy food consumption on postprandial cardiometabolic responses. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02089035.
Funding
MICA: Reducing cardiovascular disease risk through replacement of saturated fat in milk and dairy products
Medical Research Council
Find out more...History
School
- Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences
Published in
American Journal of Clinical NutritionVolume
115Issue
3Pages
679 - 693Publisher
Oxford University PressVersion
- VoR (Version of Record)
Rights holder
© the AuthorsPublisher statement
This is an Open Access Article. It is published by OUP under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence (CC BY). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Acceptance date
2021-12-20Publication date
2022-01-10Copyright date
2022ISSN
0002-9165eISSN
1938-3207Publisher version
Language
- en