posted on 2018-12-12, 13:21authored byJoanna BullardJoanna Bullard, Annie Ockelford, Craig L. Strong, Helene A. Aubault
Soil surface roughness (SSR) modifies interactions and feedback processes between terrestrial and atmospheric systems driven by both the abiotic and biotic components of soils. This paper compares SSR response to a low intensity multi‐day rainfall event for soils with and without early successional stage cyanobacteria‐dominated biological soil crusts (CBCs). A rainfall simulator was used to apply 2 mm, 5 mm and 2 mm of rain separated by a 24‐hour period over 3 days at an intensity of 60 mm hr‐1. Changes in SSR were quantified using geostatistically‐derived indicators calculated from semivariogram analysis of high resolution laser scans. The CBCs were stronger and splash erosion substantially less than from the physical soil crusts. Prior to rainfall treatment soils with CBCs had greater SSR than those without. The rainfall treatments caused the physical crusted soils to increase SSR and spatial patterning due to the translocation of particles, soil loss and the development of raindrop impact craters. Rainfall caused swelling of cyanobacterial filaments but only a slight increase in SSR, and raindrop impact cratering and splash loss were low on the soils with CBCs. There is no relationship between random roughness and splash erosion, but an increase in splash loss was associated with an increase in topographic roughness and small‐scale spatial patterning. A comparison of this study with other research indicates that for rainfall events up to 100 mm the effectiveness of CBCs in reducing soil loss is >80% regardless of the rainfall amount and intensity which highlights their importance for landscape stabilization.
Funding
JEB, CLS and HA were funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NE/K011461/1); AO was funded by Loughborough University.
History
School
Social Sciences
Department
Geography and Environment
Published in
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
Citation
BULLARD, J.E. ... et al, 2018. Effects of cyanobacteria soil crusts on surface roughness and splash erosion. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 123 (12), pp.3697-3712.
This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Acceptance date
2018-11-26
Publication date
2018
Notes
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.