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Evaluating the cascading impacts of sea level rise and coastal flooding on emergency response spatial accessibility in Lower Manhattan, New York City

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posted on 2017-11-06, 11:36 authored by Jie Yin, Dapeng YuDapeng Yu, Ning Lin, Robert WilbyRobert Wilby
This paper describes a scenario-based approach for evaluating the cascading impacts of sea level rise (SLR) and coastal flooding on emergency responses. The analysis is applied to Lower Manhattan, New York City, considering FEMA’s 100- and 500-year flood scenarios and New York City Panel on Climate Change (NPCC2)’s high-end SLR projections for the 2050s and 2080s, using the current situation as the baseline scenario. Service areas for different response timeframes (3-, 5- and 8-minute) and various traffic conditions are simulated for three major emergency responders (i.e. New York Police Department (NYPD), Fire Department, New York (FDNY) and Emergency Medical Service (EMS)) under normal and flood scenarios. The modelling suggests that coastal flooding together with SLR could result in proportionate but non-linear impacts on emergency services at the city scale, and the performance of operational responses is largely determined by the positioning of emergency facilities and the functioning of traffic networks. Overall, emergency service accessibility to the city is primarily determined by traffic flow speed. However, the situation is expected to be further aggravated during coastal flooding, with is set to increase in frequency and magnitude due to SLR.

Funding

This paper was supported by the National Science Foundation of the United States (Grant no: EAR-1520683), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no: 41201550) and the Humanities and Social Science Project of Education Ministry of China (Grant no: 17YJAZH111). This research extended work supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council under the Environmental Risks to Infrastructure Innovation Programme (NE/M008770/1; NE/N013050/1; NE/R009600/1).

History

School

  • Social Sciences

Department

  • Geography and Environment

Published in

Journal of Hydrology

Volume

555

Pages

648-658

Citation

YIN, J. ...et al., 2017. Evaluating the cascading impacts of sea level rise and coastal flooding on emergency response spatial accessibility in Lower Manhattan, New York City. Journal of Hydrology, 555, pp. 648-658.

Publisher

© Elsevier

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Acceptance date

2017-10-23

Publication date

2017-10-27

Notes

This paper was accepted for publication in the journal Journal of Hydrology and the definitive published version is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.10.067

ISSN

0022-1694

Language

  • en

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