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Impact of gasoline direct injection fuel injector hole geometry on spray characteristics under flash boiling and ambient conditions

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journal contribution
posted on 2018-12-17, 10:00 authored by Changzhao Jiang, Matthew C. Parker, J. Helie, Adrian SpencerAdrian Spencer, Colin GarnerColin Garner, Graham Wigley
The effect of injector nozzle design on the Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) fuel spray characteristics under atmospheric and flash boiling conditions was investigated using Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) measurements. To understand the impact of hole diameter and conicity, experiments were conducted on two bespoke 3-hole injectors in a pressure and temperature controlled constant volume chamber and in the open air. The measurements were taken radially outward from the injector axis to the outer extent of the plume at distances of 15 mm, 25 mm and 40 mm from the injector tip. Observations of the influence of surrounding gas and temperature conditions and hole design on the injector spray performance were made. Under non-flash boiling conditions, it was found that the injection pressure dictates the length of the spray penetration before collapse occurs, with an increase in pressure resulting in an increase in this length. Comparison of mean velocity and droplet diameter data are also made to understand the performance under flash boiling conditions. Results show that, under flash boiling conditions, the droplet velocity significantly increases while the droplet size reduces. More importantly, it is found that the impact of the flash boiling environment on sprays of different hole geometries is different. Some hole designs offer more resistance against spray collapse. It was found that the mid-sized of the three hole diameters tested here was found to produce a spray that more readily collapsed than that of the smaller or larger hole diameters. In addition, it was found that under flash boiling conditions, the convergent hole had a greater propensity to exhibit spray collapse.

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Advanced Propulsion Centre (APC) for this work which was undertaken as part of TSB/APC project number 113130.

History

School

  • Aeronautical, Automotive, Chemical and Materials Engineering

Department

  • Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering

Published in

Fuel

Volume

241

Pages

71 - 82

Citation

JIANG, C. ... et al, 2018. Impact of gasoline direct injection fuel injector hole geometry on spray characteristics under flash boiling and ambient conditions. Fuel, 241, pp.71-82.

Publisher

© Elsevier

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Publisher statement

This paper was accepted for publication in the journal Fuel and the definitive published version is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.11.143

Acceptance date

2018-11-28

Publication date

2018-12-11

Copyright date

2019

ISSN

0016-2361

Language

  • en