Microstrip patch antennas with anisotropic and diamagnetic synthetic heterogeneous substrates

This paper examines the performance of a rectangular patch antenna on heterogeneous substrates composed of metallic cuboid inclusions compared with homogenous substrates via simulations and measurements. The paper examines how the orientation of the inclusions affects the performance of the patch antenna. Anisotropy and diamagnetism of the heterogeneous substrate with metallic cuboid inclusions have been analyzed. As the resonant frequency of the patch is dependent on the electromagnetic (EM) parameters of its substrate(s), fixing the size of the patch and altering its substrates allows the EM properties of the substrates to be estimated and compared with predictions from theory and simulations.