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Hoekstra et al. 2019 Modality specific adaptations and the inflammatory response.pdf (667.18 kB)

Modality-specific training adaptations – do they lead to a dampened acute inflammatory response to exercise?

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journal contribution
posted on 2019-02-12, 12:00 authored by Sven Hoekstra, Matthew N. Westerman, Flavio Beke, Nicolette BishopNicolette Bishop, Christof LeichtChristof Leicht
While adaptations to a short-term training program can dampen the acute inflammatory response to exercise, less is known about the influence of chronic modality-specific adaptations to training. This study compares the acute inflammatory response to upper- and lower-body interval exercise in individuals chronically trained in these respective modalities. Ninety minutes of interval exercise matched for relative power output on an arm-crank (ARM) and cycle ergometer (LEG) was performed by 8 trained paddlers and 8 trained cyclists. Blood samples were taken pre- and post-exercise. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations were analysed in plasma, while the expression of intracellular Hsp72 was assessed in monocytes (iHsp72). Interleukin-6 was increased following both modalities (fold change ARM: 7.23±3.56, p<0.001; LEG: 9.03±4.82 p<0.001), in both groups (cyclists p<0.001; paddlers p<0.001), but the increase was smaller in ARM compared with LEG (Time x Modality p<0.001). ARM induced a smaller iHsp72 response compared with LEG (fold change ARM: 1.07±0.14, p=0.102; LEG: 1.18±0.14, p<0.001, Time x Modality p = 0.039). Following ARM, iHsp72 expression was increased in the cyclists only (fold change cyclists: 1.12±0.11, p=0.018; paddlers: 1.03±0.17, p=0.647), while iHsp72 expression following LEG was increased in both groups (fold change cyclists: 1.14±0.15, p=0.027; paddlers: 1.22±0.13, p< 0.001). Taken together, the acute inflammatory response to lower-body interval exercise was larger compared with work-matched upper-body interval exercise. Moreover, adaptations to upper-body exercise training dampened the iHsp72 response to this modality. Therefore, exercise may be less effective in reducing chronic low-grade inflammation in individuals relying on their upper body, such as wheelchair users.

History

School

  • Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences

Published in

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism

Volume

44

Issue

9

Pages

965-972

Citation

HOEKSTRA, S.P. ... et al, 2019. Modality-specific training adaptations – do they lead to a dampened acute inflammatory response to exercise?. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, doi:10.1139/apnm-2018-0693.

Publisher

NRC Research Press © The Authors

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Rights holder

© the Authors

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Acceptance date

2019-01-17

Publication date

2019-01-21

Copyright date

2019

Notes

This paper was published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism and the definitive published version is available at https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2018-0693.

ISSN

1715-5312

eISSN

1715-5320

Language

  • en