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Reliability and validity of methods in the assessment of cold-induced shivering thermogenesis

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posted on 2020-01-15, 14:13 authored by Josh Arnold, Zach Hemsley, Simon HodderSimon Hodder, George HavenithGeorge Havenith, Alex LloydAlex Lloyd
Purpose: To compare two analytical methods for the estimation of the shivering onset inflection point, segmental regression and visual inspection of data, and to assess the test-retest reliability and validity of four metrics of shivering measurement; oxygen uptake (V̇O2), electromyography (EMG), mechanomyography (MMG) and bedside shivering assessment scale (BSAS). Methods: Ten volunteers attended three identical experimental sessions involving passive deep-body cooling via cold water immersion at 10°C. V̇O2, EMG and MMG were continuously assessed, while the time elapsed at each BSAS stage was recorded. Metrics were graphed as a function of time and rectal temperature (Tre). Inflection points for intermittent and constant shivering were visually identified for every graph and compared to segmental regression. Results: Excellent agreement was seen between segmental regression and visual inspection (ICC, 0.92). All measurement metrics presented good to excellent test-retest reliability (ICC’s > 0.75 and 0.90 respectively), with the exception of visual identification of intermittent shivering for V̇O2 measurement (ICC, 0.73) and segmental regression for EMG measurement (ICC, 0.74). In the assessment of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), EMG showed the largest SNR at the point of shivering onset, followed by MMG and finally V̇O2. Conclusions: Segmental regression provides a successful analytical method for identifying shivering onset. Good-excellent reliability can be seen across V̇O2, EMG, MMG and BSAS, yet given the observed lag times, SNR’s, along with known advantages/disadvantaged of each metric, it is recommended that no single metric is used in isolation. An integrative, real-time measure of shivering is proposed.

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School

  • Design

Published in

European Journal of Applied Physiology

Volume

120

Pages

591–601

Publisher

Springer Verlag

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Rights holder

© The authors

Publisher statement

This is an Open Access Article. It is published by Springer under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence (CC BY). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Acceptance date

2019-12-11

Publication date

2020-01-18

Copyright date

2020

ISSN

1439-6319

eISSN

1439-6327

Language

  • en

Location

UK

Depositor

Mr Josh Arnold Deposit date: 14 January 2020

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