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The Hopkins verbal learning test: an in-depth analysis of recall patterns

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posted on 2017-09-18, 13:40 authored by Rachel Grenfell-Essam, Eef HogervorstEef Hogervorst, T.B. Rahardjo
© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group One of the earliest signs of dementia is memory issues and verbal word lists, such as the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT), are successfully used for screening. To gain insight in how memory is affected in dementia, and to further improve the efficacy of the HVLT, in-depth analysis of the recall patterns of dementia cases and controls was conducted. Dementia cases and controls were matched for factors that can affect performance, such as age, gender and education level. Word frequency, syllable length, and orthographic neighbourhood size did not differ in the Indonesian version of the HVLT, nor did these characteristics affect recall. However dementia cases showed consistent and poor recall across the three trials; with the worst recall for the “human shelter” category and best recall for the “animals” category. Dementia cases also showed impaired accessibility of all categories with reduced subsequent recall from accessed categories and reduced primacy and recency levels. Finally, dementia cases exhibited lower levels of re-remembering and recalling new words, and higher levels of immediate forgetting and never recalling words. It was concluded that utilising the extra information provided by the in-depth analyses of the recall patterns could be beneficial to improve dementia screening.

Funding

Data collection was supported by an Alzheimer’s Research Trust UK grant (Relationship of salivary phytoestrogens to age-related cognitive decline and possible dementia in Indonesia, ART/PPG2006A/2).

History

School

  • Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences

Published in

Memory

Pages

1 - 21

Citation

GRENFELL-ESSAM, R., HOGERVORST, E. and RAHARDJO, T.B., 2017. The Hopkins verbal learning test: an in-depth analysis of recall patterns. Memory, 26(4), pp. 385-405.

Publisher

© Taylor and Francis

Version

  • AM (Accepted Manuscript)

Publisher statement

This work is made available according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence. Full details of this licence are available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Publication date

2017

Notes

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Memory on 11 July 2017, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/09658211.2017.1349804.

ISSN

0965-8211

eISSN

1464-0686

Language

  • en

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