The colouration of additive-manufactured polymer

The convergence of additive manufacturing (AM) and traditional textile dyeing techniques has initiated innovative possibilities for improving the visual application and customization potential of 3D-printed polymer objects. Textile dyeing techniques have progressed to transform fabrics with vibrant colors and complex patterns over centuries. The layer-by-layer deposition characteristic of AM necessitates adaptations in dye application methods to ensure even color penetration across complex surfaces. Compatibility between dye formulations and polymer matrices influences color uptake and stability, demanding careful selection, and testing of dyes for optimal results. This study investigates the development interaction between these areas, revealing the challenges and opportunities of applying textile dyeing methods to color 3D-printed polymer materials. The study occurred in two stages: (1) AM of a prototype and (2) coloring of the prototype. Two techniques were explored in coloring the prototype: (a) the traditional dye-bath and (b) the contemporary digital sublimation. Results demonstrate skillful manipulation of textile dyeing methods and dye type used for this research reduced the characteristic appearance of AM composite processing “lines” or “layers” to achieve consistency and desirable color outcomes. In conclusion, integrating textile dyeing techniques into coloring 3D-printed polymer materials connects historical craftsmanship with innovative manufacturing. Overcoming challenges of color distribution, compatibility, and layer line management requires a holistic approach that blends the technical consistency of AM with the artistic sensitivity and knowledge of textile dyeing. Hence, applying textile dyeing methods to 3D-printed polymers opens new dimensions of aesthetic and functional possibilities.