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Download fileThe trifluoromethyl group as a bioisosteric replacement of the aliphatic nitro group in CB1 receptor positive allosteric modulators
journal contribution
posted on 2019-05-08, 13:18 authored by Chih-Chung Tseng, Gemma Baillie, Giulia Donvito, Mohammed Mustafa, Sophie Juola, Chiara Zanato, Chiara Massarenti, Sergio Dall'Angelo, William T. Harrison, Aron H. Lichtman, Ruth Ross, Matteo Zanda, Iain R. GreigThe first generation of CB1 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs; e.g., ZCZ011) featured a 3-indolyl-nitromethane structure. Although a small number of drugs include the nitro group, it is generally not regarded as being “drug-like”, and this is particularly true for aliphatic nitro groups. There are very few case studies where an appropriate bioisostere replaced a nitro group that had a direct role in binding. This may be indicative of the difficulty of replicating its binding interactions. Herein we report the design and synthesis of ligands targeting the allosteric binding site on the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, in which a CF3 group successfully replaced the aliphatic NO2. In general, the CF3-bearing compounds were more potent than their NO2 equivalents and also showed improved in vitro metabolic stability. The CF3-analogue (1) with the best balance of properties was selected for further pharmacological evaluation. Pilot in vivo studies showed that (±)-1 has similar activity to (±)-ZCZ011, with both showing promising efficacy in a mouse model of neuropathic pain.
Funding
Signal Pharma and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Proof of Principle grants PPP-125784 and PP2-139101, NIH grants R01DA039942, P30DA033934 and VCU School of Pharmacy start-up funds (A.H.L.).
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