UK local authority attitudes to Park and Ride

Although the implementation activity within UK local government would suggest that bus-based Park and Ride (P&R) is considered popular, little evidence exists which tests this assumption empirically or explores the constituent elements of this popularity. In addition, a growing body of evidence indicates that P&R may increase the vehicle miles travelled (VMT) of its users. This paper reports on a recent survey of UK local authorities, both with and without current P&R provision, to understand the reasons behind its popularity and the level of recognition of its effectiveness in reducing car use. Particular consideration is given to the relationship between P&R and conventional public transport (particularly bus) services, as the transfer of passengers from these has a significant impact on the effectiveness of P&R. The potential future growth of P&R is also considered. The results suggest a number of divergences with the empirical evidence, particularly with regards the traffic effects of P&R. It is strongly predicted to grow but there is support for implementing P&R in ways that may increase its effectiveness.