从塑料废弃物到能源催化剂：塑料衍生碳@CoMoO4复合材料在电解水析氢反应中的应用 (Application of plastic-derived carbon@CoMoO4composites as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in water electrolysis)

<p dir="ltr">采用模板碳化和水热法将塑料矿泉水瓶转化为氮掺杂多孔碳材料（PNAC），然后在此基础上利用水热法和退火法成功制备了负载在塑料衍生氮掺杂碳上的CoMoO4纳米颗粒（CoMoO4@PNAC）复合材料，并用于电解水析氢催化剂。合成的CoMoO4@PNAC复合材料在1 M KOH的碱性电解液中表现出良好的析氢催化活性，仅需要162 mV的过电位就可以达到10 mA/cm2的电流密度，并表现出良好的稳定性。PNAC提供了良好的电子转移通道，其卷曲的纳米片形状可以对CoMoO4纳米颗粒附近的电解液产生扰动，加快电解液与活性位点之间的质量交换，促进气泡产物的快速脱离。DFT计算表明，与CoMoO4相比，CoMoO4@PNAC具有更低的ΔGH*，DOS曲线显示，PNAC的引入填充了纯CoMoO4之中的态密度间隙，重新调整了电子分布，费米能级附近的态密度增加，提高了可用电子数量，释放出CoMoO4的析氢催化潜力，进而使得CoMoO4@PNAC具有良好的析氢催化性能。</p><p dir="ltr">Waste plastic mineral-water bottles were converted into nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials using template carbonization and hydrothermal methods, then CoMoO4 nanoparticles were loaded on the plastic-derived nitrogen-doped carbon (PNAC) to prepare the composite (CoMoO4@PNAC) materials using hydrothermal and annealing methods, the latter were tested as catalysts for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water electrolysis. The synthesized CoMoO4@PNAC material exhibits good hydrogen evolution catalytic activity in 1 mol/L KOH alkaline electrolyte, requiring only 162 mV overpotential to reach a current density of 10 mA/cm², and exhibits good stability. PNAC provides an efficient electron transfer channel, and its curled nanosheet shape can perturb the electrolyte near the CoMoO4 nanoparticles, accelerating the mass transport between the electrolyte and the active site and promoting the rapid detachment of the bubble products. DFT calculations show that CoMoO4@PNAC has a lower ΔGH* compared to CoMoO4, and the DOS curves show that the introduction of PNAC fills the density-of-states gap among pure CoMoO4, realigns the electron distribution, increases the density of states near the Fermi energy level, improves the number of available electrons, and releases the catalytic potential of CoMoO4 towards HER, all of these leads to a high catalytic performance of CoMoO4@PNAC.</p>