posted on 2011-02-14, 09:47authored byMary O'Neill
Ephemeral art is usually understood as reflecting a desire to dematerialize the art
object in order to evade the demands of the market, or to democratize or challenge art
museums. However, in many ephemeral artworks something much more fundamental
is involved. In this thesis I explore the hypothesis that the use of ephemerality by
some artists is best understood, not solely in terms of art world issues but of the
relationship between ephemerality, mourning and loss.
I will begin with a refinement of the definition of ephemeral art, which is often
confused with temporary works. This definition identifies four characteristics of
ephemeral art: time, communicative act, inherent vice and directive intent. Ephemeral
art often involves works that do not exist in a steady state, but change or decay
slowly. This temporal aspect is examined through a discussion of the boredom they consciously evoke, which can be seen not only as an acute awareness of time but also
a form of mouming for lost desire. The different physical state of ephemeral works represents a shift from the art object to communicative act. This shift is exemplified by artists working in the 1960s, particularly those influenced by John Cage. Cage's engagement with Buddhism and the subsequent work he produced demonstrates that the appreciation of transience is a reflection of wider cultural values. The growing interest in Buddhist philosophy and the engagement with transience at that period are discussed, not as cause and effect, but as both stemming from the same desire to find
alternative forms of meaning and expression at a time when traditional structures of
meaning were in decline. The use of non-traditional, non-durable materials and the
incorporation of chance and ephemerality mean that the resulting worlds possess an 'inherent vice' which results in the demise or disappearance of the work. This is a key feature of ephemeral art, which distinguishes it from temporary works. The latter are designed to function for a fixed period, after which they are discarded or destroyed. The conclusions drawn have implications that reach beyond artworld concerns with durable or at least preservable commodities. These works offer insights into the
mourning process which are powerful and profound reflections on the human condition. These works can act as a means of engaging with bereavement,
disenfranchised grief and ambiguous loss. In a world where many societies may be
deemed post-religious traditional myths and rituals that once served to alleviate fear
or mortality and the pain of bereavement are no longer viable or effective, this is of
immense significance.