Mechanisms of penetration in cartridge filtration of de-ionised water

A programme of research has been carried out into the performance of cartridge filters rated from 0.1 to 0.45 micron in response to steady and varying particle concentrations and water flows. It was discovered that pulsing the water flow to these filters often resulted in release of particles which had been previously captured by the filter. For membrane filters the release of particles was instantaneous. However, for one filter with more depth, a considerable time was required for most of the particles released to be detected. This filter was described as a pre-filter rather than a membrane filter. [Continues.]