The stresses in granular material due to applied vibration

The dissipation and spread of stresses in a granular material due to an applied disturbance is investigated. A single impulse was applied to a granular material to help understand its behaviour when disturbed by an oscillating vertical force. Measurements were made of the effect of the impulse at the surface of the beds of sand of various heights. The spread of the disturbance in a direction normal to that of application was measured by a radial traverse of the surface of each bed, The behaviour of a granular material when acted upon by a force is comprehensively discussed in the literature survey. The effect on the structure throughout the material of a disturbance applied at a distant point is then assessed. [Continues.]